American Journal of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Medicine and Surgery
Volume 29, Issue 1 , Pages 42-47 , January 2008

Anatomy and anthropometry of human stapes

  • Reza Masteri Farahani, PhD

      Affiliations

    • Department of Anatomy, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences and Health Services, Iran
    • ,
  • Mehrdad Nooranipour, MD

      Affiliations

    • Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences and Health Services, Iran
    • Corresponding Author InformationCorresponding author. Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences and Health Services, Iran

Received 21 December 2006

References 

  1. Kirikae I. The structure and function of the middle ear. Tokyo, Japan: University of Tokyo Press; 1959;
  2. Sarrat R, Torres A, Guzman AG, et al. Functional structure of human auditory ossicles. Acta Anat (Basel). 1992;144:189–195
  3. Donaldson JA, Duckert LG, Lambert PM, et al. Surgical anatomy of the temporal bone. 4th ed.. New York, NY: Raven Press; 1992;
  4. Olszewski J. Zur Morphometrie der Gehörknöchelchen beim Menschen im Rahmen der Entwicklung. [abstract in English] Anat Anz. 1990;171:187–191
  5. Pauw BKH, Pollak AM, Fisch U. Utricle, saccule, and cochlear duct in relation to stapedotomy. A histologic human temporal bone study. Ann Otol Rhinol Laryngol. 1991;100:966–970
  6. Anson BJ, Donaldson JA. Surgical anatomy of the temporal bone. 3rd ed.. Philadelphia: WB Saunders; 1991;
  7. Schuknecht HF. Stapedectomy. Boston, MA: Little, Brown; 1971;
  8. Kraus EM. Hearing results with clothespin ossiculoplasty: a preliminary report on the Kraus modified Schuring ossicle-cup prosthesis (clothespin prosthesis). Otolaryngol head Neck Surg. 1993;109:26–34
  9. Wengen DF, Pfaltz CR, Uyar Y. Long term results in otosclerosis surgery: substitution of stapes by cartilage graft. 28 years of experience. In:  Charachon R,  Garcia-Ibanez E editor. Long-term results and indications in otology and otoneurosurgery. Amsterdam, the Netherlands: Kugler & Ghedini; 1991;p. 269–274
  10. Horiuchi Y, Hunai H, Ichimura K, et al. Superstructure of stapes: an analysis by high-resolution computed tomography. [in Japanese with abstract in English] Nippon Jibiinkoka Gakkai Kaiho. 1989;92:383–389
  11. Sarrat R, Guzman AG, Torres A. Morphological variations of human ossicula tympani. Acta Anat (Basel). 1988;131:146–149
  12. Wengen DF, Nishihara , Kurakava , et al. Measurements of the stapes superstructure. Ann Otol Rhinol Laryngol. 1995;104:311–316
  13. Marquet J. The incudo-malleal joint. J Laryngol Otol. 1981;95:543–565

PII: S0196-0709(07)00008-7

doi: 10.1016/j.amjoto.2007.01.004

American Journal of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Medicine and Surgery
Volume 29, Issue 1 , Pages 42-47 , January 2008

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