Role of spiral computed tomography with 3-dimensional reconstruction in cases with laryngeal stenosis—a radioclinical correlation

Abstract 

Purpose

To study the efficacy of spiral computed tomography with 3-dimensional reconstruction (SCT-3DI) and endoscopy in cases with laryngeal stenosis with regard to site, type, grade, and length of stenosis and to determine the correlation among the findings of SCT-3DI, endoscopy, and surgery.

Material and methods

This prospective study on 30 cases of laryngotracheal stenosis (acquired = 28 cases, congenital = 2 cases) was conducted in the Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Head Neck Surgery, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India, from 2001 to 2003. All patients were evaluated by SCT-3DI and rigid endoscopy. Twenty-three patients underwent open surgical procedure, and 7 patients underwent endoscopic dilatation. Correlation was established among the findings of SCT-3DI, endoscopy, and surgery by Pearson correlation coefficient (r), paired t test, and χ² test.

Results

Findings of SCT-3DI, endoscopy, and surgery were found to well correlate with each other. SCT-3DI was found to be less accurate in measuring the exact length of stenosis but could measure the length of stenosis in all cases, whereas by endoscopy, the measurements could be made accurately in 14 cases (46.6%). The endoscopy was more accurate in diagnosing the site and grade of stenosis (P < .01). SCT-3DI gave 18.6% false-positive result regarding involvement of glottis in stenosis. A significant difference was found between endoscopy and SCT-3DI for grade III and IV stenoses (P < .01), and SCT-3DI found to give false-positive result in 19.2% cases for grade IV stenosis. SCT-3DI was found to be a better diagnosing modality in differentiating the circumferential Gupta and Parida. SCT-3DI was found to give a false-positive result in 19.2% cases for grade IV stenosis. SCT-3DI was found to be better a diagnosing modality in differentiating the circumferential and eccentric stenosis (P < .01) and to detect the cricoid and thyroid cartilage fracture, double stenosis, and laryngocele. A false-positive rate of 33.3% was seen in diagnosing fracture of cricoid cartilage on radiology.

Conclusion

The findings of SCT-3DI, endoscopy, and surgery well correlated with each other. Findings of SCT-3DI and rigid endoscopy are complementary to each other for a better surgical planning and outcome.