American Journal of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Medicine and Surgery
Volume 30, Issue 6 , Pages 371-375, November 2009

Botulinum toxin A prolongs functional durability of voice prostheses in laryngectomees with pharyngoesophageal spasm

  • Eike Krause, MD

      Affiliations

    • Corresponding Author InformationCorresponding author. Department of Otolaryngology, Ludwig-Maximilians-University-Groβhadern, Marchioninistraβe 15, 81377 Munich, Germany. Tel.: +49 89 70950; fax: +49 89 70956869.
    • ,
  • John-Martin Hempel, MD
    • ,
  • Robert Gürkov, MD

Department of Oto-Rhino-Laryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Munich, Germany

Received 1 April 2008 published online 09 March 2009.

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PII: S0196-0709(08)00141-5

doi:10.1016/j.amjoto.2008.07.008

American Journal of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Medicine and Surgery
Volume 30, Issue 6 , Pages 371-375, November 2009

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