American Journal of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Medicine and Surgery
Volume 32, Issue 4 , Pages 291-300, July 2011

Animal model of radiogenic bone damage to study mandibular osteoradionecrosis☆☆☆

  • Marc Cohen, MD

      Affiliations

    • Division of Head and Neck Surgery, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA
    • ,
  • Ichiro Nishimura, DDS, DMSc, DMD

      Affiliations

    • UCLA School of Dentistry, Weintraub Center for Reconstructive Biotechnology, Los Angeles, CA, USA
    • ,
  • Matthew Tamplen, BS

      Affiliations

    • Division of Head and Neck Surgery, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA
    • ,
  • Akishige Hokugo, DDS, PhD

      Affiliations

    • UCLA School of Dentistry, Weintraub Center for Reconstructive Biotechnology, Los Angeles, CA, USA
    • ,
  • John Beumer, DDS, MS

      Affiliations

    • UCLA School of Dentistry, Weintraub Center for Reconstructive Biotechnology, Los Angeles, CA, USA
    • ,
  • Michael L. Steinberg, MD

      Affiliations

    • Department of Radiation Oncology, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA
    • ,
  • Jeffrey D. Suh, MD

      Affiliations

    • Division of Head and Neck Surgery, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA
    • ,
  • Elliot Abemayor, MD, PhD

      Affiliations

    • Division of Head and Neck Surgery, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA
    • ,
  • Vishad Nabili, MD

      Affiliations

    • Division of Head and Neck Surgery, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA
    • Corresponding Author InformationCorresponding author. Division of Head and Neck Surgery, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, 10833 LeConte Ave, CHS RM 62-132, Los Angeles, CA 90095-1624, USA. Tel.: +1 310 709 7970; fax: +1 310 206 1393.

Received 27 April 2010 published online 19 August 2010.

Abstract 

Objective

The objective of the study was to create an animal model to study mandibular osteoradionecrosis (ORN) using high–dose rate (HDR) brachytherapy.

Methods

Ten Sprague-Dawley male rats were used in this study. Six rats received a single dose of 30 Gy using an HDR remote afterloading machine via a brachytherapy catheter placed along the left hemimandible. The remaining 4 rats served as controls with catheter placement without radiation (sham). On the day following irradiation or sham, all 3 left mandibular molars were atraumatically extracted. Twenty-eight days after irradiation, mandibles were examined using nondecalcified histology with sequential fluorochrome labeling, decalcified histology, and micro–computed tomography scanning.

Results

Irradiated rats demonstrated exposed bone at the extraction sockets, whereas the control animals had complete mucosalization. Alopecia was also seen in the irradiated group. Both histologic and radiologic analyses of the mandible specimens demonstrated a reduction in bone formation in the radiated mandibles as compared with controls.

Conclusions

Our HDR brachytherapy model incorporating postradiation dental extractions has successfully demonstrated reproducible radiogenic mandibular bone damage analogous to the clinical ORN. Although clinical criteria continue to be used today in describing ORN, this model can serve as a platform for future studies to define ORN and delineate its pathogenesis.

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☆ Presented at the American Academy of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery Annual Meeting, October 6, 2009, San Diego, CA.

☆☆ Justification for additional authors: This project entailed expertise from multiple areas with each author playing a key role in providing input and resources including Head and Neck Surgical Oncology (Drs Cohen, Suh, and Abemayor), Microvascular Reconstruction (Dr Nabili), Dental biology (Drs Nishimura, Hokugo, and Beumer), and Radiation access and physicist input (Dr Steinberg).

PII: S0196-0709(10)00094-3

doi:10.1016/j.amjoto.2010.06.001

American Journal of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Medicine and Surgery
Volume 32, Issue 4 , Pages 291-300, July 2011

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